Dr. Kim H. Veltman
Appendix 7-Lintvelt's (1981) Distinctive Typological Traits
Heterodiegetic Narration: Auctorial Type of Narrative
Perceptual-Psychic Level
1.Perspective narrative
Of the narrator
2.Depth of the perspective narrative
Unlimited external perception: external omniscience
Unlimited internal perception: internal omniscience
3.Narrative mode
Tendency to summary of non-verbal events
Tendency to summary of discourse of actors
Temporal Level
Moment of the narration
In general, ulterior narration
Order
Possibility of making returns back
Possibility of making certain anticipations
Duration
Generally a relatively long time of a story
Spatial Level
Spatial position
Narrator
Spatial mobility
Possibility of omnipresence
Verbal Level
Status of narrator and grammatical person
Heterodiegetic narrator
Generally story in third person
Temporal value of times of past
Expression of past presented as revolved
Verbal register
Summary of non verbal events: idiom of narrator
Summary of discourse of actors: idiom of narrator
Degree of insertion into the discourse of the actors
Exterior discourse narrativized
Interior discourse narrativized
Formal apparatus of the authorial discourse
Personal pronouns:I (narrator)/thee,you (narrater)
Tenses of Verb: present, simple future, future anterior, past composite.
Indicators of Deixis: demonstartive pronouns, deictic adverbs
Interrogation by the narrator
Exclamation by the narrator
Intimation by the narrator
Assertion by the narrator
Modality of the assertion by the narrator
Functional types of authorial discourse
Communicative discourse
Metannarative, commentative
Explicative
Evaluative
Abstract
Emotive
Modal
Heterodiegetic Narration: Actorial Type of Narrative
Perceptual-Psychic Level
Perspective narrative
One or several actors
Depth of the perspective narrative
Limited external perception: extrospection
Limited internal perception: introspection
Temporal Level
Moment of the narration
Simultaneous narration (in the present)
Illusion of a simultaneous narration (in past times)
Order
Possibility of making returns back
Impossibility of making certain anticipations
Duration
Generally a relatively short time of story
Spatial Level
Spatial position
One or several actors
Spatial mobility
Impossibility of omnipresence
Verbal Level
Status of narrator and grammatical person
Heterodiegetic narrator
Generally story in third person
Temporal value of times of past
Illusion of a present
Verbal register
Scene of non verbal events: idiom of actor-perceiver
Summary of discourse of actors: idioms of actors
Degree of insertion into the discourse of the actors
Exterior discourse of actors (to the extent that it is understood by the actor perceiver)
Exterior discourse, reported in direct style: monologue, dialogue
Exterior discourse, transposed to an indirect style or a free indirect style
Interior discourse of the actor perceiver
Interior discourse reported in direct style: interior soliloquy, interior monologue
Interior discourse, transposed to indirect style or to a free indirect style
Formal apparatus of the authorial discourse
Absent
Functional types of authorial discourse
Absent
Heterodiegetic Narration: Neutral Type of Narrative
Perceptual-Psychic Level
Perspective narrative
Focalization of a camera
Depth of perspective narrative
Limited external perception: registering
Impossibility of an internal perception
Narrative mode
Scene of non verbal events
Scene of discourse of actors
Temporal Level
Moment of the narration
Simultaneous narration (in the present)
Illusion of a simultaneous narration (in past times)
Order
Reduced possibility of making returns back
Impossibility of making certain anticipations
Duration
Generally a relatively short time of story
Spatial Level
Spatial position
Of the camera
Spatial mobility
Impossibility of omnipresence
Verbal Level
Status of narrator and grammatical person
Heterodiegetic narrator
Story in third person
Temporal value of times of past
Illusion of a present
Verbal register
Scene of non verbal events: neutral verbal register, non-individualized
Scene of discourse of actors: idioms of actors
Degree of insertion into the discourse of the actors
Registering of discourse exterior to actors
Exterior discourse, reported in direct style: monologue, dialogue
Impossibility of registering the interior discourse of the actors
Formal apparatus of the authorial discourse
Absent
Functional types of authorial discourse
Absent
Homodiegetic Narration: Auctorial Type of Narrative
Perceptual-Psychic Level
Perspective narrative
Of the person-narrating
Depth of the perspective narrative
Enlarged external perception: extrospection of the person narrating
Enlarged internal perception: introspection of the person narrating
Narrative mode
Tendency to summary of non-verbal events
Tendency to summary of discourse of actors
Temporal Level
Moment of the narration
Ulterior narration
Order
Possibility of making returns back
Possibility of making certain anticipations
Duration
Generally a relatively long time of a story
Spatial Level
Spatial position
Of the person narrating
Spatial mobility
Impossibility of omnipresence
Verbal Level
Status of narrator and grammatical person
Homodiegetic narrator
Generally story in first person
Temporal value of times of past
Expression of past presented as revolved
Verbal register
Summary of non verbal events: idiom of person narrating
Summary of discourse of actors: idiom of person narrating
Degree of insertion into the discourse of the actors
Exterior discourse of actors (to the extent that it is understood by the person narrating):
Exterior discourse narrativized
Interior discourse of person acting:
Interior discourse narrativized
Formal apparatus of the authorial discourse
Personal pronouns:I (person narrating)/thee,you (narrater)
Tenses of Verb: present, simple future, future anterior, past composite
Indicators of deixis: demonstrative pronouns, deictic adverbs
Interrogation by the person narrating
Exclamation by the person narrating
Intimation by the person narrating
Assertion by the person narrating
Modality of the assertion by the person narrating
Functional types of authorial discourse
Communicative discourse
Metannarative, commentative
Explicative
Evaluative
Abstract
Emotive
Modal
Homodiegetic Narration: Actorial Type of Narrative
Perceptual-Psychic Level
Perspective narrative
Of the person narrating
Depth of the perspective narrative
Limited external perception: extrospection of the person acting
Limited internal perception: introspection of the person acting
Temporal Level
Moment of the narration
Simultaneous narration (in the present)
Illusion of a simultaneous narration (in past times)
Order
Possibility of making returns back
Impossibility of making certain anticipations
Duration
Generally a relatively short time of story
Spatial Level
Spatial position
Of the person acting
Spatial mobility
Impossibility of omnipresence
Verbal Level
Status of narrator and grammatical person
Homodiegetic narrator
Generally story in first person
Temporal value of times of past
Illusion of a present
Verbal register
Scene of non verbal events: idiom of person acting
Scene of discourse of actors: idioms of actors
Degree of insertion into the discourse of the actors
Exterior discourse of actors (to the extent that it is understood by the person acting)
Exterior discourse, reported in direct style: monologue, dialogue
Exterior discourse, transposed to an indirect style or a free indirect style
Interior discourse of the person acting
Interior discourse reported in direct style: interior soliloquy, interior monologue
Interior discourse, transposed to indirect style or to a free indirect style
Formal apparatus of the authorial discourse
Absent
Functional types of authorial discourse
Absent
Last Update: August 4, 1998